Kung Fu Panda: Convergence and Interactivity

Convergence means coming together, merging or meeting. Advancement in technology has allowed bringing together different media to a single platform thus providing more functionality and services to the consumers (Convergence, 2004).Interactivity is the â€Å"degree to which users can make choices within an environment† (Web3D Part5: Glossary, 2006).   Interactivity has always existed to a degree in one form or another however with the Internet and advancement in media users have more choice and flexibility and they can also modify content to suit their own requirements.This paper presents a critical analysis of a website and assesses how convergence has allowed using old media in new ways and affected user interactivity.Traditionally movies have been advertised through billboards, pamphlets, posters, advertisements on radio, television and in newspapers and also short trailers at cinemas prior to the start of another movie. These advertising methods have been costly, as othe r than the production cost they also involve high broadcasting costs. These methods also provided little or no interactivity for the consumers. Popularity of the internet, and remarkably lesser production and broadcasting costs have resulted in internet advertising becoming necessary for economic survival in the competitive world of movie distribution. TNS Media Intelligence (Foote, 2007) forecasts increase in US advertisements, with Internet advertising continuing with double digit growth.Kungfupanda.com is an example of a website which has converged, brought together, images, text, audio and video from the traditional mediums of movie advertisement to a single platform, the Internet, providing consumers with enhanced levels of functionality, services and interactivity.On visiting the KungfuPanda website the user is presented with an introductory screen which states the release date of the movie in US and also has a link to the worldwide movie release dates. If the user is interest ed in viewing the webpage in another language, there is a choice of 8 different languages. The user can simply select the country’s flag and a new KungfuPanda window opens in that language. With traditional medium the movie distribution company would be required to produce advertising material separately for each of the 8 languages which would be costly. With the Internet it is relatively easy to translate a webpage in different languages.If the user is only interested in viewing the trailer for the movie they can click on the link, however, for a user who is interested in finding more about the movie he/she can click on the ‘Enter the Site’ link. In this way KungfuPanda website has provided interactivity and given its customers flexibility and control of how they view the website and how long, or in much detail they view the website.On clicking the ‘Enter the Site’ link the viewer is presented with an array of humorous and colourful animation. The s ite has very strong visual and auditory impact. The user can scroll back and forth along the linear window through the animated scenery and can choose a character or a building. Upon clicking on an object the user is sent to an additional page dedicated to the chosen character.It gives an account of the various strengths and weaknesses and hopes and aspirations of the character. It also gives the viewer the option to download emoticons, wallpapers, screensavers etc. This functionality of each character breaking apart into a separate page gives the advertiser far more scope to sell the character and to brand it.  Ã‚   To promote the movie and make it more appealing for the children the site also provides activity sheets and colouring pages.The site is not fully complete as on number of links it states ‘coming soon’. The site also assumes that the users have high speed internet connection. A website with such strong visuals and animation would take very long to load wit h a slow dialup connection which could prove to be very frustrating for the users. The users should have been given a choice to select the kind of internet connection they have and the site then presented accordingly.There are a number of negative social implications that can be associated with this website. The premise of the KungfuPanda website is purely economic gains; it is wrapped up in a colourful product aimed at children.   By having a good understanding of the child psychology, the advertisers have used â€Å"pester power†, â€Å"brand recognition† strategies to target the children. This endeavour of using child psychology for a successful marketing campaign has been deemed unethical by some (How Marketers Target Kids, n.d.).It should be noted that martial arts can be considered a violent sport. KungfuPanda site however depicts martial arts in a comedic light and encourages teachers, parents and martial arts instructors to bring children in groups. The site has an external link for group sales.By giving users free downloads they may be tricked into thinking that these are sincere gifts from the movie distributors/advertisers, but in fact they are being used by the advertiser to broaden their campaign. Being an award winning site, KungfuPanda has succeeded in further spreading its advertising tentacles by being listed on the creative website awards (CWA) and favorite website awards page (FWA). The technical and visual prowess of the site  helps more people to learn about the product it sells, in turn creating a reciprocal  type of advertising to the site that hosts the awards.Kungfupanda.com is a good example of how movie advertisement has converged from the traditional mediums and has had economic effects on distribution costs. All the previous methods of film advertising have converged into a slick portal with the added layer of interactivity and user choice. However, with convergence, increased flexibility and interactivity there are also many social implications that must be given careful consideration.ReferencesConvergence, (2004), [Internet], [email  protected] Available from: [Accessed 15th March 2008].Foote, A. (2007), News, [Internet], TNS Media Intelligence. Available from:< http://www.tns-mi.com/news/01082007.htm> [Accessed 15th March 2008].How Marketers Target Kids, (n.d.), [Internet], Media Awareness Network, Available from: < http://www.media-awareness.ca/english/parents/marketing/marketers_target_kids.cfm>  Ã‚   [Accessed 15th March 2008].Web3D, Part 5: Glossary, (2006), [Internet], Reality Prime, Available from: < http://www.realityprime.com/articles/web-3d-part-5/>   [Accessed 15th March 2008].

The Effect of Different Levels of Radiation in Growth of Plants Essay

Abstraction The consequence of different degrees of radiation was determined utilizing four set-ups-10kR. 30kR. 50 krypton. and the control ( no radiation ) . The four set-ups were observed for nine hebdomads and growing ( in centimeter ) . sprouting. and survival rate was measured. Consequences showed that at the right degree of radiation degree ( 10 krypton ) . radiation have a positive consequence on the works growing and has the same sprouting and survival rate from the control set up. The 30 krypton set up and 50 krypton set up are comparatively smaller in growing than the control set up. Therefore. increasing the radiation degree above 10 Krs maize inhibits its growing in footings of tallness and decreases the per centum sprouting ofcorn ( Zea mays L. ) but with right sum of radiation at 10 Kr radiation has a positive effects in footings of growing. Introduction Harmonizing to ( Mendioro. Laude. Barrion. Diaz. Mendoza. & A ; Ramirez. 2010 ) . Mutants are alterations in the familial stuff that are heritable and basically lasting. Mutants either may be self-generated. or induced by physical or chemical agents. Ionizing radiation such as X raies. protons. neutrons and alpha. beta. and gamma beams from radioactive beginnings like Ra and cobalt-90. X raies and other ionising radiation is one of the common mutagenic agents that break DNA strand which produce chromosome interruptions instead than base alterations ( Ramirerz. Mendioro. & A ; Laude. 2010 ) . Ionizing radiation can perforate tissues and undergo ionisation organizing ions. These ions undergo chemical reactions to hold a stable chemical constellation. While making these. ions produce interruptions in chromosomes. ( DNA ) which induce mutant ( Das. 2006 ) . The biological consequence of ionising radiation depends chiefly on the sum of energy absorbed by the biological system of which. of class. the chromosomes are the most mark ( Harten. 1998 ) . However harmonizing to Wort ( 1941 ) as cited by ( Sax. 1955 ) wheat seeds irradiated with low doses of X beams produced larger workss than the control. The survey aimed to find the consequence of different degrees of radiation on works growing in maize ( Zea mays L. ) . The specific aims were: 1. To detect the effects of different degrees of radiation on works growing in Termess of tallness. sprouting. and survivability. and 2. To explicate the observe effects of radiation in maize ( Zea mays L. ) to its growing. MATERIALS AND METHODS To measure the consequence of different degrees of radiation in works growing of maize. maize seeds were irradiated at changing doses: 10 krypton. 30 krypton. and 50 krypton. These irradiated seeds were at the same clip and the same topographic point including the control set-up. For nine hebdomads. the information for works growing ( centimeter ) . sprouting rate ( % ) . survivability rate ( % ) were collected and tabulated. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION As seen in Table 1. consequences show that the the set-up that was irradiated with 30 kryptons and 50 krypton ended the lowest per centum sprouting while the set-up that was irradiated with 10 krypton was the same with the control based on per centum sprouting which is 100 % . At the first day of the month of observation. the lowest in mean tallness is the set-up that was irradiated with 50 kryptons. With the same day of the month and topographic point of seting. you can reason that radiation has an consequence to the works growing. sprouting. and endurance of the works. You can see at the Graph 1 that the control set-up and the 10 krypton set-up are about the same but in the terminal of the graph. the 10 kR set-up was the highest in footings of norm works tallness. At 50 krypton. the works can non last any longer due to the radiation and no information was recorded because the endurance rate is 0 % means all the workss in the 50 krypton was dead. Unlike in the 10 krypton. 30 kR set-ups was comparatively lower than 10 kR apparatus in footings of works growing. survival rate and sprouting rate. Plants have some resistant to some radiation because workss do non hold lotions and sunscreens and they need sunlight for photosynthesis and we know that the Sun emits UV beams. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION The consequence of different degrees of radiation was observed by enlightening maize seed utilizing three different setups-10 krypton. 30 krypton. and 50 krypton. Data was collected and shown. Therefore. there is a certain degree of radiation that can do a works grow more. In this experiment. we conclude that at 10 krypton. maize workss turn better because of mutant. Furthermore. this experiment is subjected to further reseach to better the decision that at certain degree radiation. workss turn better. Bibliography Das. L. D. ( 2006 ) . Genetics and Plant Breeding. New Age International Ltd. Harten. A. M. ( 1998 ) . Mutant Breeding: Theory and Practical Applications. Cambridge University Press. Mendioro. M. S. . Laude. R. P. . Barrion. A. A. . Diaz. M. Q. . Mendoza. J. C. . & A ; Ramirez. D. A. ( 2010 ) . Geneticss: Laboratory Manual 12th Revision. 7 Lakes Printing Press. Ramirerz. D. A. . Mendioro. M. S. . & A ; Laude. R. P. ( 2010 ) . Lectures in Genetics Ninth Edition. 7 Lakes Printing Press. Sax. K. ( 1955 ) . The Effect of Ionizing Radiation on Plant Growth. American Journal of Botany. 360-364.

Training and Workouts

Erick Johnson is an endurance athlete who trains for the 3,000 metre race.   His training schedule involves steady pace runs, anaerobic threshold training, cruise intervals, pace surge training and repetition training.   Interval training and speed endurance also form part of his weekly workouts (Rogers, 2000).   The steady pace runs are aimed at increasing running efficiency, developing the cardiovascular system and improving the process of capillarization. For him to be able to tolerate and buffer the rise in lactic acid during running, Erick performs anaerobic threshold training.   Repetition training aims at   developing the pace consciousness of the athlete while pace-surging training involves alternating steady-pace runs with surges r bursts off speed running.   This helps him to be able to adjust to the shifts in the pace during a competition. All these components of his training are also aimed at increasing his endurance by lowering the rate at which lactate acid builds up and enhancing oxygen transportation. The exercises have the effect of increasing his metabolism to higher levels than that of the average human being. A weekly work out for Erick would be as follows, on a Monday he performs 20 minutes of aerobic threshold training run, followed by build ups and a period of cool-down.   On Tuesday he does an easy run of the 3000 metre race.   On Wednesday he does negative split runs four times, after which he does build-ups.   When doing the negative split run, he starts with five minutes warm up that involves walking briskly and jogging lightly. He then   runs at a moderate pace for ten minutes and increase his pace over the next ten minutes then he cools down for five minutes.   (http://outside.away.com/outside/fracture/2000609/negative-split-workout.html).   On Thursdays he does five repetitions of the actual race pace but that have been broken down to 900metre races.   Erick does the easy run and practices accelerations which means he is practising to increase his speed on Fridays.   On Saturdays he does his best average speed for the race in 1000metre intervals then on Sundays he does a long run. His training schedule sometimes changes by the week especially if a competition is close but with basically the same activities though at different frequencies and intervals. Daily Diet Breakfast 2 slices whole wheat toast Grape fruit 1 poached egg 1 tsp butter or vegetable margarine or honey Lunch 1 cup clear vegetable soup sprinkled with fresh herbs Brown rice 1 cup beans Green salad in season Dinner 2 slices meat steaks with vegetable Crisp bread 25g cottage cheese with fresh herbs 75g fresh fruit salad Snacks 1 cup apple juice, canned  ½ cup raw black berries 1 piece fruit cake 3 fig bar cookies Crackles regular wheat  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   (USDA, 2005) The B complex vitamins are important for an endurance athlete especially because they have increased needs for vitamins due to the higher metabolism rates that are above the normal population.   The B complex vitamins are also involved in formation of red blood cells.   If deficient, red blood cells formation is compromised leading to fewer or poorly formed red blood cells resulting in decreased capacity for oxygen transportation which would compromise the endurance of the athlete (Moore, 2004) Deficiencies of the B complex vitamin may result in decreased capacity for endurance.   Vitamin B6 takes part in different processes of metabolism involving proteins and glycogen.   A high protein diet will thus result in increased need for vitamin B6.   Vitamin B12 is necessary for the formation of red blood cells and is also important to ensure their normal functioning.   Folic acid is also a requirement for red blood cell formation and metabolism of amino acids (Moore, 2004). References Rogers J, 2000 USA Track and Field Coaching Manual, Human Kinetics, ISBN 0880116048 Moore J, 2004 Vitamins, USMS retrieved from http://www.usms.org/articles/articledispaly.php?a=77 USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 20   

Religion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 4

Religion - Essay Example With such a background information, this paper goes ahead to analyze fundamentalism, by addressing aspects of its past, present, and future, incorporating its application both in Christianity and Islam. Fundamentalism, since its establishment, has had two broad perspectives; global fundamentalism and historic fundamentalism during its development in the late 19th century and establishment in early 20th century. Generic fundamentalism is a worldwide global movement with the mandate of making known institutionalized aspects that have been concealed by the modernized life. Ideally, fundamentalism plays a substantive role in minimizing the distancing of religious aspects from those of the world and state, considering that during its establishment, cultural and social patterns was rooted in the certain religious perspectives. This, therefore, provides for distinct roles for various individuals and groups such as clergies, women, and men. In historical fundamentalism, similar perspectives are shared as those of generic fundamentalism, and has gone ahead to enhance awareness among individuals such as influencing world religions (Fisher and Wise 26). Fundamentalism has its roots in the United States from where it began as an aspect of liberal and progressive views that were held by the Americans in the 19th century (Fisher and Wise 42). One of the greatest contributing views held by these individuals against the scholars who stood strong in criticizing the Bible was that Moses never authored the first five books of the Bible. Such perspectives started during the Niagara Conference in which they discussed that it was time that human went back to the social ideals as intended by God, in which every individual, be it male or female, parent or child, had distinct roles to accomplish, as such a perspective was built on God’s creation. It is based on such aspects that the name

Nursing research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Nursing research - Essay Example so improved the organization as a whole since its HCAHPS scores have improved due to the solutions that I have developed, planned, and implemented to success. Significantly, the lessons learnt has impacted my level of knowledge and skills that have equipped my practice with crucial tools that will help me achieve success in my career. Journal entries are important in helping an individual complete their work by incorporating all the steps involved in the process of developing a project. In this case, it is important to point out that a step-by-step entry of the process of developing the process was crucial in including all the steps that necessitated the planning and consequent implementation of the project. While the overall objective of these journal entries was to help me achieve my objectives of the project by developing an effective implementation plan, it is crucial to point out that the journal entries provided me with the skills of being an effective planner by organizing my work. The knowledge and skills learnt will be crucial in my future practice since I will be able to develop and implement solutions based on the entries that I will be making in my journals, which will help me advance my nursing career. While the journal was crucial during my practicum and the consequent implementation of the project, it is crucial to point out that a continuous review of my practicum journal entries will be crucial in providing insights on the approaches that I should have taken to achieve a higher level of success than the one I achieved. In this case, the review will provide me with revelations about strategies that I used and were not appropriate at the time of implementing the project. Other than this, a future review will also provide me with the approaches that I would have used to make modifications, which I cannot be able to identify at the moment. In this case, the development of a set of knowledge and skills based on the review of the practicum journal

Lab Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Lab - Essay Example Moreover, a highly concentrated solution is, the more it absorbs light, and the less transmitted light through the solution is. This also implies that, the concentration of a particular solution is directly proportional to the rate of absorbance, a fact that Beer-Lambert’s Law has proved. The Law states that the quantity of light that is absorbed by a given sample is dependent on the concentration of that sample (C), the species absorbing, the wavelength of the light used together with the thickness of the sample: A = Â £bC (where A is absorbance, Â £ is a constant when the identity of the absorbing species and the wavelength of the light utilized are not altered, b is the solution’s thickness in the cuvette container, and C is the sample’s concentration)(Bauer et al.110).By utilizing a standard curve(y=mx+b),where x-values show various concentrations of the same sample with y values showing the absorbance of a given wavelength, it can be stated that the concen tration is directly proportional to the absorbance, which initially was proved by Beer-Lambert Law(Bauer et al.110). The objective of this lab experiment was establishing the percentage Mass of Copper (II) ion (Cu2+) in a sample of ore by using Calorimetry technique. The percentage of Mass can be defined as the mass of a definite element over the total mass of all elements multiplied by 100%(Brown et al.85).Through establishment of a standard for the copper nitrate compound and utilizing the knowledge of Beer-Lambert Law, the % mass of the copper in the ore was attained. Determination of the 8.5 mL of nitric acid would dissolve the copper compound Cu (NO3)2* 2.5 H2O was done in the first week of the lab experiment. In addition 8 serial dilutions were carried out by adding an increasing quantity (beginning with 8.5mL) of nitric acid (HNO3) to 4.5 g of Cu (NO3)2 * 2.5H2O.The quantity of red light ((ÃŽ »=635nm) absorbed by every diluted solution was established using a calorimeter with Lab Quest

Commentary on Endo Shusakus When I Whistle Essay

Commentary on Endo Shusakus When I Whistle - Essay Example When Ueda finally mentions a teacher that he knows will make Ozu recognize him, he touches him, a gesture considered an affirmation to reaffirm the recall of what transpired. At the mention of the teacher ('old Rat Hole'), Endo has slowly started to weave a tapestry of events by which Ozu will recall his past. Ozu's "half pleased and half pained smile" elicits questions from the readers - was he half pleased to realize he actually remembered, or that he was meeting someone from his past Was he half pained because he realizes how distant it was Ozu's pronouncement that he does not attend any of the reunions reflects his personality as a simple man. Reunions are not a special event for him, especially with those who did not contribute much in his life and therefore weren't actually given a special place in his memory; the same does for him during reunions. He was not within the capacity nor is he the type to spend time to mingle and socialize. Of the three characters, Ozu is the most interesting. He is indeed the main protagonist, but rather have the entire novel revolve around him, the first part starts with the narration of how special people and events in Ozu's life was guaranteed to last a lifetime. Endo plainly presents the setting and environment by which his novel is to start - a time when industrialization was sure to stay in Japan. The train passed Lake Hamana. Smoke flowed slowly from the factor chimneys. In the distance, the white buildings of a housing development stretched out in the afternoon sun. (Endo 2) It was during the 1970s that Japan experienced a tremendous shift since the arrival of manufacturing, where industrialization became widely implemented, and a new way of life was slowly being suggested and eventually superseded the traditional way of life in Japan. Settlers in the cities grew in number as jobs in industrial factories also increased. Upon mentioning by Ueda that their former school, Nada Middle-School, has now become the topnotch education institution in their country, Ozu recognizes the immense change - it used to be a place that housed "a lot of the students who couldn't make it into any other middle school" (1). Ozu was not ignorant; he has already heard of the news about their former middle-school, even learning that some parents move near the school in order to have their children attend the school. Such efforts just so parents can support their children as they attend the brightest school in the country affirms the notion of how attaining a grand education has now become the primary goal of families inculcated from parents to children to grandchildren, forgetting the simplicities of a basic life that used to be what Japan had, usually traditional way of life that is content with produce from the farm or from fishing. When Ozu's son tells him , "I just can't believe you went to Nada, Dad," (2) Endo introduces us to this new character who, as we learn through the novel, was a young struggling doctor with desires constituting the Western concepts of life, particularly skilled workers and industrialization, at a time when investing on securing children a good education to declare their social status as somewhere up the

BlackBerry Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

BlackBerry - Research Proposal Example The purpose of this report was to make some key recommendations for the company to improve its market position, as well as revenue growth. The report included some major problems the company is facing at present. Decreased market share and decreased customer satisfaction level due to comparatively less impressive touch screen design were found to be the main problems for the company for which some key recommendations were given to the officials. The recommendations included development of Blackberry messenger service, manufacturing of music players and laptops, and sharing of the messenger service with competitors. Introduction - Global Overview of Issue Reaching a higher rank in today’s competitive business world and maintaining it for a long time is one of the biggest goals of almost every company belonging to any particular industry. If we talk about the companies belonging to the telecommunication industry, we can say that there is a strong competition among the companies because of ever increasing trend towards use of smart phones and latest wireless devices. In such a scenario, companies need to deliver attractive and innovative products to the customer not only to achieve competitive advantage but also to increase the customer base. However, doing all this is not an easy job and requires extensive thinking. is one of such companies which are currently facing huge financial crisis because of decreased customer satisfaction with their current product range. The company was considered one of the top smart phone brands of the world in the recent past because of its innovative products and high quality. ... osition in the world of wireless technologies because it is not coming up with the designs and features for its new products that customer usually look for. It is due to this reason that the company has not only lost a significant percentage of its market share recently but also lost many of its customers. The company will also lay off almost 4,500 employees in the nearest future (Goldman, 2013). This analytical report is designed to present an in-depth overview of the problem being faced by the company, as well as the reasons behind the problems. The main purpose of the report is to provide some recommendations to the company’s officials regarding solutions for the identified problems. Company Background Founded in 1984 by Mike Lazaridis, Blackberry is a Canadian telecommunication company that manufactures tablets and smart phones. The company has remained the market leader of the world of telecommunication devices for a long time based on its high quality mobile phones and w ireless devices. However, with the advent of new technologies and design concepts in the field of information technology and successful adoption of those concepts by the competing firms, the market share of the company has fallen drastically. It is true that Blackberry had a great hold on the telecommunication industry a few years back when designers and software engineers of the company were coming up with eye-catching mobile phone designs, as well as the software applications for the phones. However, the company could not carry on with the pace and eventually left itself behind in the race of competition. The major reasons behind this fall are lack of focus towards adopting new design concepts, lack of focus towards adopting new operating systems, such as, android, and lack of focus towards

Research methodology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Research methodology - Essay Example It will be argued in the following that this is the guiding thread for his critique of religion. His critique of religion, it will be argued is a critique of metaphysics. His aim in the critique is to refute the idea that history is marked by spiritual progress, and in turn, replace this with a progress defined by a 'class struggle', and in particular, the material relations surrounding the means of production. Thus, the relationship between his critique of religion and his political economy, is the replacement of spiritual progress with that of the class struggle. Concerning the issue of research methodology, the following analysis will pay careful attention to what is employed by Marx. His approach on this issue, includes textual interpretation. That is, he provides analysis of key texts like the philosopher, Georg Hegel. Second, his methodology in the following is historical interpretation. In particular, he focuses on economic history but also social history. â€Å"The German Id eology† is his most decisive criticism of religion. ... Thus, the reformation can be regarded as a change of consciousness that emancipates the individual consciousness from the determination of the consciousness by the church. In turn, this change of consciousness or of thinking, helps to shape and change history itself. By contrast, Marx outlines the material conditions which determine the social relations manifest in any given culture, and further, these material conditions are the cause of forms of consciousness. Consciousness in this sense, includes also the various forms of belief systems which religion consists of. He describes the ‘priority’ of material conditions against consciousness as a determinant for human behavior and of politics, therefore, in the following: â€Å"Men distinguish themselves by consciousness, by religion or anything else you like . . . they . . . distinguish themselves from animals as soon as they begin to produce their means of subsistence . . . by producing their means of subsistence men are indirectly producing their actual material life† [Marx, 1997: 341]. Marx's critique of Hegel is central to his critique of religion. It will therefore require some analysis to demonstrate Marx's 'materialistic' interpretation of history over and against Hegel's spiritual reading of history. Marx views Hegel's philosophy, along with religion, as essentially a â€Å"mystical† position [Marx, 1970, p. 27]. By ‘mystical’, it is implied in terms of an argument which is beyond the bounds of reason, and by ‘reason’, it is implied in the material or physical sense of the term. Or, it is implied in terms of something which can be verified empirically or through sense experience. In other words, and in keeping with what was said above, it can be said that the person which Hegel is describing is

CPP Model Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

CPP Model Development - Essay Example Church planting models provide meaningful contexts within which starters can locate organized data, imaginative interpretation of the objectives, corroboration, criticism and anticipated outcomes. The process of planting viable churches require clear understanding of the task, proper analysis of the requirements in the light of research and experience, making an overall plan for task accomplishment, gathering the vital resources, executing the plan and learning from experience3. Time schedule is a critical requirements and should be prepared prior to beginning church services4. The meeting schedule for the church will be tabled and placed well for public access. There will be a one big mass on every Sunday beginning from 0800h to 1300h. During Sundays afternoon, Bible study groups will be meeting in the church for Bible discussions. The pastor will hold one-hour daily morning devotions between Monday and Friday. The time for morning devotion will be between 00600h and 00700h. The church hall will be open on Saturdays from 00700h to 2200h for the believers who want to hold private prayers. The pastor will be available for consultation on church-related matters on Tuesdays and Thursdays from 1600h to 2000h. The church will host free guidance and cancelling services for people of all ages on Saturdays between 1400h and 1900h at the church’s guidance and counselling unit. The starter recognises the fact that different people experience various special feelings from a particular style of music. Therefore, different styles of church music draw different people closer to God5. The main styles of music the church will adopt include scripture choruses, contemporary Christian music and children’s songs in order to satisfy various generations that will be attending the church services. The location selected for the church planting is Mexico, in North America. The churches in the Mexico are not adequate to serve the vast population of the region as

Views of Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau Essay Example for Free

Views of Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau Essay Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Jean-Racques Rosseau were philosophers who stated their belief of human nature and how we should govern mankind. Although Rousseau was born a different time than Hobbes and Locke, they all had a very strong influence on the way governments should function. They created a revolutionary idea of the state of nature, the way men were before a government came into play. Each philosopher developed guidelines and responsibilities that the government is obliged to. Although proposing different views and ideas, they all contributed significant ideas to society. Thomas Hobbes, Jock Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau all differed on their views of government. Thomas Hobbes described the state of nature for man is nasty, brutish and short. In order to escape this, people must give up freedom to receive peace and order by the protection of the government. Hobbes believed in an absolute monarchy. Order could only be established with a ruler holding absolute power. The state was there to prevent people from attacking and killing each other. His structure of a government was to prevent chaos and violence. Just like Hobbes, John Locke believed there was a need to establish order; however, he saw a different way to achieve this. He had a more optimistic perspective on human kind. People should give up some rights to attain protection, like Hobbes outlook of the social contract, but if the government does not fulfill its duty, the people must change it. Rebellion was only justified if the ruler lost the consent of his people. Hobbes believed that it was never justified. John Locke believed in any type of representative government such as a republic, constitutional monarchy or democracy. Jean-Jacques Rousseau had been considered by some the prophet of democracy. Rousseau believed in the General Will, the decision of the majority, because what is best for all is best for an individual. He said people enslaved in the law. All rights of people are given up to the General Will in order to be incorporated through the legislature. The state is there to enact the General Will. Society embarked on with the state of nature. The English Civil War was influential to Hobbes and Locke. It made Locke object violence. Hobbes believed that to put an end to the war, an absolute monarchy must be established. Rousseau was influenced by emotion and not reason. This was the origin of Romanticism. The three philosophers vision of the state of nature was contrasting in terms of things like property and freedom. Hobbes believed that man was essentially evil, bad and corrupt. His view of depravity of human nature was influenced by the English Revolution. He believed that humans would constantly fight if left alone, especially over property which was a limited source that was competed for. Thomas Hobbes essentially believed that humans were not good and order was established by depriving humans of their rights and freedom. According to Hobbes, state of nature was state of war. John Locke believed people were born with a blank slate or mind and their surroundings and environment made them good or evil. Like Rousseau, Locke believes that people are equal, not in ability but in rights. People are born entitled to natural rights, life liberty and property. He stated, Man is born free, and everywhere is in chains† was said by Rousseau. He also thought that men were born free and are good and that it is society that is corrupt. In order to accomplish this objective, society must eliminate all titles. His understanding was that the title of nobility should be abolished. Noble savage was a concept he admired very much. Humans are just like any other animal. These philosophers agreed that things must be sacrificed to advance society. Despite their differences, Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau could all comply that Government should not be through the Church. This contradicted the concept of Divine Right, which is the belief that a monarch received their power only from God. To determine what society should be, a clean slate was needed which included freedom of religion. Thomas Hobbes believes that the state must be only one religion in order to be united. John Locke declares that the state should have religious toleration. Rousseau does not repudiate God but is disgusted with religion, especially Christianity. Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau all acknowledge that before men were to govern, we lived in a state of nature. They all constructed their own adaptation of what a government should be and how society should work. All of them recognize that the government should not be through the church and differ on human nature and the form of government. Their ideas were inspiring and spread to many places constructing new governments. Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau were revolutionary.

Sex and Gender Essay Example for Free

Sex and Gender Essay The concepts of sex and gender have traditionally been used interchangeably to demarcate between the identity of the male and the female. However, there are significant differences between the two concepts. Sex as a concept is based based on the perceived material or physiological difference between the male and female bodies, particularly on the anatomy and functions related to the reproductive organs. (Frayser Whitby, 1995, p. 173) Meanwhile, gender refers to the social construct of femininity and masculinity ascribed to the ascribed to the reproductive roles which is reinforced through social norms and expectations. (Ibid. ) Arguably, the notions of sex and gender play an important role in the formation of sexual behavior and gender identity particularly in Western societies. Judith Butler, a known feminist, argues that â€Å"sexual difference is often invoked as an issue of material difference,† (p. 235) which becomes the basis for the social construction of the concept of gender and gender roles in terms of the social, political, and economic functions of the male and female. The role of sex and gender constructs is evident in the child-rearing practices of most Western societies wherein children are socialized into their gender roles based on their sexual identity as being male or female. At an early age, children learn about appropriate sexual behavior through their parents and other adults, who teach them the prevailing gender norms and social expectations Children and adults who do not conform to what is expected of them in terms of their sexual and gender identity, are socially stigmatized through various labels of deviance. As adults, men and women are expected to take on different forms of employment or to engage in differing sexual behavior. Since men are thought to be physically stronger and more intellectually adept, they are often encouraged to be more involved in the social and political spheres. Meanwhile, the perception that women are weaker and more emotional, along with their child-bearing responsibilities, has relegated them into domestic affairs or employment that is related with their supposedly feminine nature such as teaching or nursing. Thus, sex and gender roles influence the way that an individual constructs his or her identity and perceives his or her function in society. By identifying in either the male or female role, the individual develops and internalizes his or her gender roles based on socially accepted norms and standards of behavior. Works Cited: Butler, Judith (1999). Bodies that Matter. In Janet Price Margrit Shildrick (Eds. ), Feminist Theory and the Body: A Reader (pp. 235-245). U. S. A: Taylor and Francis. Frayser, Suzanne G. Thomas J. Whitby (1995). Studies in Human Sexuality: A Selected Guide. U. S. A: Libraries Unlimited.

Modern Day Technology Overview

Modern Day Technology Overview Misty F. Brown  Ã‚   Consumerization of IT Progresses in cell phone technology, operating frameworks, security, and applications can to a great extent be credited with beginning the movement known as consumerization of IT, or (CoIT). Despite the fact that consumerization is regularly connected with the capacity to use ones by and by possessed cell phone for business utilize, it goes past that to incorporate the utilization of any customer innovation in a business setting. In this manner, the issues that CoIT can convey to the table are more intricate than may show up at first look, however the extent of the pattern empowers plenty of positive business results too (Crook, Hopkins, 2013). Mobile Application Explosion While a few organizations have just started to investigate the business advantages of portable arrangements and in this way may assess best of breed items that address their necessities, organizations advance along the way likely need a thorough versatile arrangement spreading over every one of these territories: versatile application stage, applications, portable undertaking administration, and versatile substance administration arrangements. Furthermore, an answer that is well coordinated and gave by a solitary seller can have the specialized and business benefits favored by these organizations. For instance, a MEAP stage firmly coordinated with existing portable applications permits less demanding and more complex customization of these applications. Additionally, portable applications nearly coordinated with portable venture administration programming frequently permit more hearty versatile security highlights and expository abilities that may not be attainable through point arra ngements from a variety of suppliers. Likewise, clients as often as possible lean toward a solitary merchant connection for more viable reasons like powerful client bolster and speedier resolutions to cross-arrangement specialized issues or required improvements (Crook, Hopkins, 2013). Cloud Computing Since organizations are packed with representatives with capable cell phones and a high level of solace with utilizing them, portable application enablement ventures have begun in sincere. Organizations are hoping to convey not just applications and substance that their claim representatives can use for portable working however remotely confronting applications to accomplices and shoppers too. Distributed computing is an imperative outlook change that helps organizations leave on these portability extends in an all the more auspicious and savvy way. While in the past numerous innovation ventures required costly framework, usage, and preparing costs, distributed computing evacuates these obstructions by advertising the capacity to get up and running quick, with little in advance venture. Despite the fact that there is a time when the expenses between an on-preface and a cloud organization may level out, regularly, cloud models take into consideration speedier time to organization and the capacity to scale over time two vital components for most portability ventures (Crook, Hopkins, 2013). European Airline The aircraft business is very aggressive and cost cognizant; organizations must continuously take a stab at the most noteworthy consumer loyalty or hazard beat to another supplier. Albeit a portion of the issues that cause client dissatisfaction cant generally be kept away from for example, delays because of climate conditions anything an aircraft can do to diminish avoidable issues and keep clients educated is vital. The carrier seen this portability organization as an aggressive differentiator that would permit carrier specialists to give clients more elevated amounts of administration as a key goal. While the aircraft was amped up for the likelihood of empowering its portable specialists with instruments to enhance both their occupations and the client encounter, there were likewise a few genuine concerns. The versatile applications that the specialists would utilize connection to a few of the aircrafts most imperative and touchy frameworks including takeoff control, flight dat a, and traveler data. Worries around unapproved data remained high priority for the organization. While a portion of the potential negative results could simply be minor irritations, the carrier business holds the potential for intense issues also (Crook, Hopkins, 2013). Before revealing the versatility methodology, it was basic that the aircraft found a way to oversee and control the hazard around the gadgets and applications containing this delicate data. The aircraft realized that having a robotized approach to do as such would be exceptionally essential, having taken in the wasteful aspects of manual ways to deal with cell phone whats more, application administration from a past organization. Since it was not yet prepared to make significant capital or staff interests in versatile administration foundation, the organization felt that a SaaS-based versatility arrangement supplier, for example, SAP accomplice VeliQ offered a convincing approach to plunge its toe in the water and after that scale up as required. Today, the carrier utilizes application administration to refresh and deal with the applications on the iPad and gadget administration for resource/arrangement administration, remote wipe/bolt, and approach administration. The sending of por table venture administration programming conveyed all the positive results accomplished by the portability extend, as it was basic to deal with the potential chance if the gadget was lost or stolen or arrived in the wrong hands. This association trusts that its portable application enablement extend controlled by versatile administration and security programming has given better client benefit and fulfillment, higher rates of client maintenance, and expanded income (Crook, Hopkins, 2013). PBS Coals The key test for PBS Coals focused on an underlying portability organization to give continuous access to business-basic investigation, assembling, and deals data from anyplace whenever. In an industry where unsteadiness is the standard, officials need to ensure they have the most up and coming data whenever to make the best choices for the business. This intrinsic instability of the mining business too powers the organization to search for approaches to guarantee costs remain under control (Crook, Hopkins, 2013). At the point when PBS Coals initially started considering its portability system, the choice to assess SAPs offerings in the space was driven by a need to use the same number of back-end frameworks as could be allowed. As the organization experienced the due persistence prepare, it discovered SAP as of now offered bundled iOS applications for a significant number of the business forms it needed to prepare, and different applications PBS Coals required were arranged. Likewise, the capacity to use the SAP Mobile Platform for other custom necessities was essential as was having the capacity to get a cell phone and application administration arrangement from one supplier (Crook, Hopkins, 2013). PBS Coals discovered joining forces with SAP spared time and cash in the following ways: Saved noteworthy improvement exertion by utilizing a few SAP portable bundled applications. Reduced mix time and many-sided quality by utilizing the prescribed procedures of a confided in supplier. Helped the administrators who utilize these applications in their everyday employments feel that they can settle on better choices quicker (Crook, Hopkins, 2013). Verizon Verizon began offering managed versatility game plans in 2008. Meanwhile, Verizon intentionally solidified SAPs item into its client game plan. Verizon first joined together with SAP to use the SAP Afaria course of action; starting now and into the foreseeable future, Verizons answer has stretched out to consolidate SAP Mobile Platform for application progression. Verizon at initially picked SAP therefore of its experience and adaptability. According to Verizon, SAP offers the item convenience and capacities that make up the fundamental bits of its transportability game plan and moreover the cloud-based establishment perspectives that give customers versatile course of action models. SAPs cloud-based techniques enable Verizon to pass on and administer answers for customers with viability especially related to course of action and game plan fortification. Verizon believes the experience and reach of SAP help fortify its managed movability course of action, not simply in light of its value, but furthermore by broadening their customer reach (Crook, Hopkins, 2013). Mobility Paradigm Transportability is a champion among the most troublesome enlisting designs that the endeavor has expected to oversee in a long time. From setting aside the opportunity to assemble a far reaching versatile profile to creating application and security necessities over the organization, making a convenient technique is not a fundamental undertaking. Notwithstanding the numerous choices organizations need to work through in building up a versatile endeavor procedure, the efficiency change alone will rapidly profit ventures. With the unlimited exhibit of specialist co-ops and items in the market, endeavors must set aside the opportunity to comprehend the full extent of their portability needs first or hazard making foolhardy specialty item choices. The items and arrangements an undertaking picks must develop with its needs and supplement inside skills. While each organization must survey how its own necessities adjust to any one merchants items and administrations, the capacity to work w ith one supplier crosswise over a large number of these requirements will be seen by numerous clients as a convincing approach for the long-haul (Crook, Hopkins, 2013). References Crook, S.K. Hopkins, S. (2013). Sap enterprise mobility: bringing a cohesive approach to a complex market [PDF file]. Retrieved from iui course library.

We Need an Amendment Outlawing Flag Desecration :: Argumentative Persuasive Argument Essays

We Need an Amendment Outlawing Flag Desecration In an attempt to make outrageous political statements, people often go to extremes: monks burn themselves to express freedom from religious intolerance, civilians stand in front of military tanks to stop them from destroying their city, and others burn or tear up flags to demonstrate their beliefs on issues from racism to war. Although flag desecration is the least violent of these three examples, it should be banned with an amendment because the flag is a symbol of freedom. Flag defilement is seen in many forms, such as- spitting on, tearing apart, or burning. During the 1960’s, a time of despair and revolution, flag vandalism proliferated. In effort to alter their lifestyle, Americans stampeded the streets ruining the symbol of freedom in the name of politics and racism. The violent array of insubordination created an immediate reaction. Each protest became more violent and ill mannered. Each time someone demolishes a flag, the act is not freedom of speech- it is an expression of an anti-American lifestyle. During the Vietnam War, activists ironically demolished the flag to bring back the men fighting overseas. The same men who were fighting for the freedoms of Americans and the symbol of America. These soldiers believed in America as a country and the flag as a badge of democracy and freedom so much, they risked their lives and almost 60,000 American soldiers died to preserve America’s freedoms. Those who have lost family members in a vicious battle will understand that it is not a sign of admiration to disgrace the icon for which these young men died to defend-- many between the ages of 17 to 24. In honor of those who may die for our country in the future, the Senate should pass an amendment outlawing flag desecration. As a daughter of an American soldier– who fought in both

The Story of an Hour and The Yellow Wallpaper :: The Story of an Hour

The women in The Story of an Hour and The Yellow Wallpaper attempt to overcome their oppression by finding an outlet. They tried to find something or do something that would comfort them. In The Story of an Hour, the window is the main symbol. Correspondingly, in The Yellow Wallpaper, the wallpaper itself is the main symbol. In The Story of an Hour, the window is what symbolizes Mrs. Mallard’s freedom in that she has new opportunities. She says that she is finally free, â€Å"free body and soul.† She says this because she realizes that she is finally free from her husband. It can be inferred from the story she was oppressed because she didn’t have any opportunities in the past. The window is what releases her from her oppression by setting her free and giving her new opportunities that were not available to her in the past. In The Yellow Wallpaper, the wallpaper symbolizes her oppression in a way. In which John’s wife sees a woman in the wallpaper. During the daytime the light makes it look as if she is behind bars shaking them. However, during the night the woman in the wallpaper creeps around. John’s Wife relates the woman in the wallpaper to herself by saying that she creeps in the daytime when John isn’t around. However, during the night she is quite still because John is around and he will notice her. John’s wife tries to overcome her oppression by setting the woman free inside the wallpaper, in order to free her oppression. Which the house itself is a prison for her since John won’t let her leave and that he keeps telling her that writing will make her worse, while it was only

Marx and the Communist Movement Essay -- Marxism Karl Marx Communism E

Marx and the Communist Movement The Communist Manifesto, written by Karl Marx and Fredrich Engels, has become one of the world's most influential and significant pieces of political propaganda ever written. It contains the viewpoints and ideology of the world-view that Marx and Engels had come to know from their political involvement from the previous years. Published in 1848, in a time of European revolution, the Manifesto is an incisive summary of the Marxist vision and outlines the foundation of the Marxist movement. According to Marx, four stages of human development exist. In the beginning of social development there is slavery where political and social freedoms are non-existent. The second stage of development, known as feudalism, is a system in which freedom becomes slightly more obtainable, yet a lord or vassal who oversees all rules. The third, and most controversial of stages, is known as capitalism. Here, private or corporate ownership of capital goods is determined by private decisions rather than the state. Price, production and the distribution of goods are determined mainly by competing in a free market. Lastly, the forth stage of human development, is referred to as Communism. This is a final stage of society in Marxist theory in which the state and private ownership is demolished, and economic goods are owned and distributed equally. In the stages of society previous to communism, society is based on antagonisms of the à ¬oppressed and the oppressing,à ® from freeman and slaves, working class and government, to proletariat and bourgeois. Each stage of the social order goes through a passage from one stage to the other. The movement from one platform to another is best described as going through a co... ...ols, allowing for the advancement of the younger generations. All of these concepts would benefit the working class holistically. The utopian society formed would end wars and conflict among people. It would bring an end to the exploitation of people allowing all people the opportunity to succeed in life. National boundaries and all class antagonisms would obliterate. Therefore, the Communist society, in the eyes of Karl Marx, would allow the masses a chance to come together and unite for all people to work for the common good. Marx's final words in the conclusion of the Manifesto, à ¬Let the ruling classes tremble at a Communistic revolution. The proletarians have nothing to lose but their chains. They have a world to win. Working men of all countries, uniteà ® gives hope to the working class to further disassemble the oppression from the prior capitalist society.

Py 270 Appendix D

University of Phoenix Material Appendix D Psychological and Psychophysiological Stress Disorders Respond to the following: 1. Stress can be the root cause of psychological disorders. Name four symptoms shared by acute and posttraumatic stress disorders. 1) There can be re-experiencing events such as dreams. 2) Avoiding special circumstances where an event can remind the person of the event. 3) Losing interest in things that were once pleasurable. 4) Trouble sleeping and increased anxiety. 2.What life events are most likely to trigger a stress disorder? Any events that are considered stressors like every day happenings can trigger stress disorders. Events such as death, rape, assault, abuse can be triggers for a stress disorder. 3. Traumatic events do not always result in a diagnosable psychological disorder. What factors determine how a person may be affected by one such event? A persons tolerance to stress depends on genetic and biological factors. The brain can actually be changed by traumatic events.Certain personality characteristics make a person more prone to a psychological disorders. 4. What are the four stages in meeting the psychological needs of disaster victims? a. Psychological debriefing and/or medical care immediately following trauma. b. Therapy to aid in ending stress reactions. c. Therapy to help gain perspective on traumatic event. d. Therapy and assistance to enable individual to return to normal levels of functioning after trauma. 5. What is the link between personality styles and heart disease?There is a link between personality styles and heart disease. There are two basic personality types, type A and type B. Type A personalities tend to be more aggressive, angry more often, very driven, and impatient. Studies show a correlation between coronary heart disease and type A personalities. 6. List and briefly describe four psychological treatments for physical disorders. 1) Insight therapy and support groups- particularly if the ailment is de pression or panic disorders.This form of treatment will help the patient to process information and talk to others about coping mechanisms. 2) Cognitive interventions-patients learn to rid themselves of negative thoughts about the pain they are experiencing to keep their mind off of it. 3) Hypnosis-puts patients in a relaxed sleeplike state. The hypnotist talk positively about what the patient is experiencing and almost reverses the way of thinking about the pain. 4) Meditation-helps patients to go into a relaxed state and release stress.

English Technology Essay Essay

The amazing thing about cell phones is that they are no longer just used for calling or texting. They have become an indispensable multi-tool wonder. Today’s cell phone is cutting-edge technology at your fingertips. With this in mind, should students be permitted to use cell phones in school? I believe they should not just be permitted to use cell phones; they should be required to use them. Cell phones don’t just allow students to stay connected with family and friends, they are also an excellent learning resource, and they encourage the responsible use of technology. To begin with, cell phones make it possible for students to stay in touch with family and friends. A student can call home and ask a family member to bring them a forgotten assignment or lunch money or to come pick them up if they are sick. Also, cell phones allow parents to keep track of their children’s whereabouts before, during, and after school. And, of course, there’s always the possibility of a student needing to contact a parent because of a dangerous situation. Thus, having a cell phone is like having a guardian angel. Students can also connect with friends, but not just because it’s a fun thing to do; A teacher can ask to text or email friends when they are absent to let them know what’s going on in class and to inform them of any homework. When used responsibly, a cell phone can be an excellent communication tool. Also, cell phones – especially smart phones – are a great learning resource. Students can use tools such as the calculator, a map finder, and the calendar. You can use cell phones for all classes to keep track of homework. Instead of having to go to the computer lab teachers can let students use their smart phones to do research when doing group work, or working on a project. For example, if you have to study for ecology you can research on local jobs having to do with protecting the environment right from your classroom seat. Plus there are lots of great learning websites – including essay-writing websites – we can use to supplement the learning in classes like English. Cell phones are a quick and easy way to incorporate technology in the classroom. Finally, cell phones encourage the responsible use of technology. Students can learn when and how to use their cell phones to enhance their learning. They will become more independent in their work and more motivated to learn. Students like being allowed to make choices, and they understand consequences. If a student is texting when he/she should be paying attention to the teacher, the teacher should take the cell phone temporarily away. No big deal. Before a test, all cell phones should be placed on the teacher’s desk with no problems. By allowing the uses of cell phones, students will feel like they are being treated like responsible young adults, and they will appreciate that. If teachers are patient, understanding, and consistent, students will surely become responsible users of technology in schools. In conclusion, people who oppose the use of cell phones in school do it because of the disruptions and distractions cell phones can cause. But we must accept that we live in a world of technology and that cell phones are an important and very useful part of that world. We miss out if we fail to take advantage of the educational power of the cell phone. All in all, cell phones improve communication, provide learning resources, and encourage appropriate use of technology. Teachers and administrators must find ways to incorporate this excellent multi-tool in our schools. As you’ve learned from this essay, it’s really not that difficult. Let’s make the most of the day and age we are living in.

Ptlls 008 Roles, Responsibilities Essay

Important to define the terms prior to listing the entities which may impact on my work: Legislative requirement: A duty to act according to the law as defined in an Act of Parliament and usually enforceable through the courts. Code of Practice: A set of rules outlining how a person in a particular profession or situation is expected to behave. Statutory Code of Practice: A Code of Practice approved by Parliament and admissible as evidence in any legal action. The Children Act (2004) – Every Child Matters underpinned the Change For Children agenda. The Act came into being following the death of Victoria Climbie. The Act is applicable to children and vulnerable adults up to the age of 25. Focused on five specific outcomes for children: Be healthy Stay Safe Enjoy and Achieve Make a positive contribution Achieve economic well-being Protection of Children Act (1991) – gave local authorities to investigates cases of child abuse. Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act (2006) – introduced a vetting and barring service for those working with children and vulnerable adults. Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) checks (previously CRB checks). Code of Professional Practice (2008) – introduced by the Lifelong Learning Sector. The code is based on 7 behaviours expected of teachers. Copyright Designs and Patents Act (1988) – relates to copying and adapting materials. The Data Protection (1998) – relates to information held on people by others. Education and Skills Act (2008) – aimed at increasing participation in learning. The Equality Act (2010) – brought all the areas of discrimination: race, sex, disability, race into one Act. The 2010 Act identifies 9 areas of discrimination. Freedom Of Information Act (2000) – individuals can ask to see the information held on them Health and Safety At Work (1974) – imposes obligations on all to operate within a safe and healthy environment Human Rights Act (1998) – basic rights for all The Further Education Teacher’s Qualifications (England) Regulations (2007) – professional status for teachers in FE and a qualification route GRAVELLS, A. (2012) Preparing To Teach In The Lifelong Learning Sector 1. 2 Analyse own responsibilities for promoting equality and valuing diversity The definition of equality is to treat everybody equally, especially in terms of status, rights and opportunities. The 2010 Equality Act brought together a number of different pieces of legislation which means it is unlawful to discriminate against people on the grounds of pay, sex, race and disability. Diversity means being aware that every person is unique, not only because of their visible differences such as race, age or disability, but also non visible differences, religion, social background, economic status or political beliefs. Inclusion is about being objective and looking beyond first impressions. It’s about diversity and breaking down barriers, changing lives and promoting equality. Within my role it’s important for me to base my practice around the concepts of equality, diversity and inclusion and keep an open mind. Without an open mind I may not support all people equally to recognise their potential and achieve their aspirations. Discrimination could then be argued to have occurred as students would not have been treated equally.

Australian Aborigines and Their Complex Kinship Essay

Aborigines have a complex system in relation to their social and marriage laws, based on the grouping of people within their society. To understand the complexities of their social organization, consider it this way: divide it first into three main parts. The first part is the physical structuring of society in terms of numbers – family, horde and tribe. Second, the religious structuring based on beliefs and customs, totems and marriage laws. (Kinship, 2005) These beliefs divide people into sections and subsections, totemic groups and clans. Third, there is also a kinship system that gives a social structuring. The social structuring and kinship system can become very difficult to understand for non-Aboriginal people, but is a natural part of life for Aborigines, and its details vary from tribe to tribe. There are three main aspects of Aboriginal social structure. The first aspect is the geographical structuring of the society. A tribe of around 500 people is made up of bands of about ten to twenty people each. (Australian, 2012) They join together for day to day hunting and food gathering activities. Each band of people can be called a horde. Within each horde are a number of families. The second part is the religious and totemic structuring of the society. On a religious level the society in much of Australia is divided into two moieties. Within each moiety are significant animals, plants, or places, which are of a highly religious nature. Each person, as well as belonging to one or the other moiety, is also connected to one or more of these subjects, called totems. The third part of their social structuring is the relationships between people, otherwise the kinship system. The kinship system allows each person in Aboriginal society to be named in relation to one another. When Aborigines acknowledge an outsider into their group, they have to name that person in relation to themselves, to allow that person to fit into their society, because they need to have in their own minds the kinship relation of that person to themselves, and that person must have a defined social position. The value of a kinship system is that it structures people’s relationships, responsibilities and manners towards each other. This in turn defines such matters as, who they will have look after children if a parent dies, who can marry whom, who is accountable for another person’s debts and who will care for the sick, weak and old. The kinship system allows individual naming for up to 70 connection terms in some tribes. (Australian, 2012) It is the system where brothers of one’s father are also called, in one sense, father. Cousins may be called brother or sister. A person knows who their real mother and father are, but under kinship laws, they may have similar family obligations to their aunts and uncles, the same as they would to their mother and father, and this is shared. These groups are further described as tribes. In Australia, tribes are really language groups, made up of people sharing the same language, customs, and general laws. The people of a tribe share a common bond and in their own language, their word for man is often the word used for the name of the tribe. For example, in Arnhem Land, people are called Yolgnu because Yolgnu name for man. People from another tribe are outsiders, because a tribe is like a small country with its own language, some tribal groups also use the term nation to describe themselves, such as the Larrakeyah tribe around Darwin calling itself the Larrakeyah Nation. (Kinship, 2005) Tribes were generally not a war- making group and people generally use their moiety or clan name to describe themselves individually, rather than their tribal name. There were an estimated 500 Aboriginal tribes in Australia at the time of European settlement. Out of all of those tribes about 400 of them are still together. (Australian, 2012) Throughout Australia the moiety system divides all the members of a tribe into two groups. These two groups are based on a connection with certain animals, plants, or other pieces of their environment. (Kinship, 2005) When a person is born into one or the other group it does not change throughout their life. A person belonging to one moiety has to marry a person of the opposite moiety. This is called an exogamous system, meaning that marriage has to be external to the group. The clan is an important unit in Aboriginal society, having its own name, territory and is the land-owning unit. A clan is a group of about forty to fifty people with a common territory and totems and having their own group name. (Kinship, 2005) It consists of groups of extended families. Usually, men born into the clan remain in the clan territory. Not all members of a clan live on the clan territory. The sisters and daughters of one clan go to live on their husbands’ clan territory. A horde is an economic group that consists of a number of families who band together for hunting and food gathering activities. (Kinship, 2005) A horde is not a distinct group in the minds of Aborigines. Different members of these groups may be contained within the horde. At the main camp, the horde separates into family groups who each have their own camp fire and cook and eat separately. A family group can be quite large, consisting of a man and his wives, the children from each wife, and sometimes his parents or in-laws. A man often has from two to four wives, ranging from one to more than ten. Today, most men have just one wife. Aboriginal custom all over Australia bans a person from talking directly to their mother in law. This rule applies to both men and women talking to their mother in law. (Kinship, 2005) To allow this rule to work, communication took place by using a third person. When food was divided and shared around campfires, a mother in law had a small fire of her own separate to her son in law or daughter in law and their spouse. Her own daughter or son would chat and bring over some of the meat, or perhaps a grandchild would sit with her and act as messenger between herself and her daughter or son’s partner. This is completely different from my own society. A man having more than one wife is frowned upon, we do not need to name a person to welcome them into our lives and we can certainly speak with our mother in laws. Our society is not as strict as that of the Aboriginal when referring to our kinship. Our kinship does not affect behaviors in my own life. I do not need to hunt, garden or eat with other people. References â€Å"Australian Aborigine†. Encyclop? dia Britannica. Encyclop? dia Britannica Online. Encyclop? dia Britannica Inc. , 2012. Web. 11 Jun. 2012 . â€Å"Kinship and Skin Names†. Central Land Council. Central Land Council Inc. ,2005 http://www. clc. org. au/articles/info/aboriginal-kinship.

Labor Market Research: Calculating Nursing Wages

This paper will explore two of Mankiw’s (2001) â€Å"ten principles of economics† (p. 3) and how these apply to the labor market for nurses. The paper will briefly discuss the two principles: a) â€Å"No. 1 People Face Tradeoffs,† (p. 4-5) and b) â€Å"No. 7 Governments Can Sometimes Improve Market Outcomes† (p. 11). Afterwards, the paper will discuss how the State of New York calculates nursing wages considering the two principles. First, the said discussion will identify the factors that could influence the supply and demand for nurses. Second, it will discuss how a nurse’s pay is determined and how the salary is structured. Third, it will provide recommendations on how the State of New York can increase its supply of nurses. Finally fourth, it will summarize how Mankiw’s two principles basically apply to the labor market for nurses. The two economic principles this paper centers on belong to Nicholas Gregory Mankiw, chairman of President Bush’s Council of Economic Advisers from 2003 to 2005. Principle No. 1, People Face Tradeoffs, refers to the situation when people have to choose one activity or thing over another (p. 4-5). This principle states that people’s choices affect efficiency and equity (p. 5). Mankiw defines efficiency as: â€Å"how huge the pie people create† or essentially the wealth that a society produces while equity is â€Å"how the pie is divided† or the redistribution of the wealth that the society has created (p. 5). Meanwhile Principle No. 7, Governments Can Sometimes Improve Market Outcomes, refers to the imperfect actions of government to manage a society’s efficiency and equity (p. 11). Government actions can result to market failure due to externalities and market power (p. 11). On one hand, externalities can either be good or bad (p. 11). It refers to the unintended results of a particular action in pursuing a certain purpose (p. 11). On the other hand, market power refers to the influence of a person, sector, or society due to limited supply or great demand on a particular thing or service (p. 11). Speaking of service, this paper will next explore the nursing service in the state of New York, then in the entire U.S.A. Brewer and Kovner (2000) identified several factors that influence the supply for nurses in New York. According to the two authors, the factors that affect supply are: a) â€Å"negative real wage growth from 1989 to 1996†; b) decreasing â€Å"admissions and enrollments in nursing programs†; c) â€Å"decrease in licensed nurses†; and d) â€Å"aging and retirement of registered nurses or RNs.† Meanwhile, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2003) identified the following factors that influence the â€Å"continuing decline of nursing graduates† nationwide: a) â€Å"increasing professional opportunities for women outside nursing†; b) â€Å"stagnant pay and more onerous working conditions for many in nursing†; and c) â€Å"a decline in pubic perception of the attractiveness of the nursing profession.† For the demand-side, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services noted that: â€Å"The U.S. Census Bureau projects a rapid increase in the elderly population starting around 2010 when the leading edge of the baby boom generation approaches age 65.† Hence, the department concludes: â€Å"†¦the rapid growth in demand for nursing services is especially pronounced for long-term care settings that predominantly provide care to the elderly.† Next in the discussion are: a) how a nurse’s pay is determined, and b) how the salary is structured. Brewer and Kovner (2000) pointed out that: â€Å"Hospitals are having significant difficulty financially due to the Balanced Budget Act and state legislation.†Ã‚   The authors also concluded: â€Å"Funding changes that effect hospital financial viability will significantly influence the balance of supply and demand.† Moreover, Brewer and Kovner (2000) observed and opined: â€Å"Current shortages are relatively localized and moderate in severity, and if hospitals achieve sufficient financial relief politically they may abate.† With these evidences, government essentially determines a nurse’s pay. As for how RN salaries are structured, Brewer and Kovner (2000) suggested that: a) great demand versus limited supply; b) experience; c) specialized skills; and d) regional demand variations led to: â€Å"1) ease with which new graduates are finding employment; 2) organizations offering sign-on bonuses; 3) anecdotal and news reports; 4) focus group reports, and 5) surveys of employers which indicate difficulty hiring RNs.† The said factors essentially determine how RN salaries are structured. Thirdly, due to the factors previously identified and discussed, this paper recommends that the State of New York increase its supply of nurses thru: a) recruitment of RNs from abroad, and b) encouragement of retirement homes abroad in countries with sufficient supply of RNs that are acceptable to the U.S. or those that can comply with U.S. standards. Finally, this paper notes that Mankiw’s first and seventh principles have a profound effect on the supply and demand of nurses, RN pay, and RN salary structures. One, based on the data previously discussed, the U.S. shortage in RNs could be attributed to two major factors: a) State legislation and the Federal government’s Balanced Budget Act which essentially reduced the RN supply, and b) the retirement of baby boomers and their great demand for health care. Note that both factors relate to government policies or decisions. Specifically, Roosevelt’s New Deal triggered the baby boom generation while Reagan pushed for the Balanced Budget Act. Two, due to the said government policies which were intended to manage efficiency and equity, the U.S. DHHS observed that people made choices that affected the supply and demand for nurses. This trend shows how positive and negative externalities came into play and determined the current market power of RNs. References Brewer, C.S. & Kovner, C. (2000). â€Å"Abstract: An Evaluation of the Supply and Demand of Registered Nurses in New York State.† Gateway, National Library of Medicine. Retrieved July 14, 2007 Mankiw, G. (2001). â€Å"Ten Principles of Economics.† Principles of Microeconomics Second Edition. Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt College Publishers. pp. 3-15. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2003). â€Å"What is Behind HRSA’s Projected Supply, Demand, and Shortage of Registered Nurses?† Health Resources and Services Administration. Retrieved July 14, 2007

Research Paper about International Students Study in America Essay

Research Paper about International Students Study in America - Essay Example The salient features of the story, â€Å"How It Feels to be Colored Me,† reveal broadly what must have been transpired in the mind of Hurston, when she was discriminated by the society on account of the color of her skin. In her childhood in Eatonville, Florida, she had no color problems. She sang, danced in the streets and greeted neighbors like any other child, and mingled freely without any feelings of alienation. She had no imagination about the magnitude of differences that suddenly cropped up when she lost her mother, when she was just thirteen and left home for attending a boarding school in Jacksonville. The transformation of her being as â€Å"colored† was immediate. Racism is a life-long insult to the dignity of the blacks and it requires immense courage to challenge it. The important aspect of the story is the period to which it belonged, that was challenging to the life and existence of blacks. It was published in â€Å"The World Tomorrow,† in the May 1928’s edition. The ideology of racial segregation dominated the social and cultural life of America. Challenge to black pride prevailed in every segment. In such a turbulent era, Hurston’s pen did the job of presenting before the public a stinging message to challenge the societal mindset. In the final analysis of the issues related to colored people Hurston concludes by asserting that â€Å"the Great Stuffer of Bags, the Creator, may have fashioned people in this way from the very beginning† (Hurston). The Colored Issue Today in Its Broad Perspective Read this revealing passage: â€Å"Someone is always at my elbow reminding me that I am the granddaughter of slaves. It fails to register depression with me. Slavery is sixty years in the past. The operation was successful and the patient is doing well, thank you. The terrible struggle that made me an American out of a potential slave said "On the line!† The Reconstruction said "Get set!† and the gen eration before said "Go!† I am off to a flying start and I must not halt in the stretch to look behind and weep† ( Hurston). For colored people of any genre, and for the student population in particular, the above summing up, should serve as the guiding principle for any contingencies. An international student in the social circumstances prevailing in America today lives in a favorable time, as compared to the year 1928. The materialistic civilization, the internet revolution and globalization have contributed a lot to dilute the impact of discrimination on the basis of color. At the level of the individual some people may still deal with reservations towards the colored people for their own reasons. But legally, the colored students are fully protected and have legal remedies if racial bias is practiced against them. View the colored issue from the spiritual angle. The solution becomes much easier. Hurston argues, â€Å"I have no separate feeling about being an America n citizen and colored. I am merely a fragment of the Great Soul that surges within the boundaries. My country, right or wrong† (Hurston). The intensity of the anguish for discrimination on

Cubism and Fauvism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Cubism and Fauvism - Essay Example By means of comparison, fauvism was a form of artistic representation in which strong and unnatural colors for a particular object or individual utilized; with the specific goal of evoking strong emotions. Naturally, the utilization of 3-D imagery was all but nonexistent within this particular approach to artistic representation. A prime example of fauvism in artwork can be seen with regard to Henri Matisse’ â€Å"Woman with a Hat†. Whereas the analysis has thus far focused upon the level of dissimilarity that exists between these two particular approaches to artistic representation, it must be noted that a peculiar similarity has to do with the fact that both of these are forms seek to represent meaning and understanding based upon different norms Michael and at least as compared to what had been represented as art for many generations and years prior to the advent of these two approaches. In essence, both of these approaches are similar due to the fact that they seek to represent meaning in a new and contrasted manner as compared to the way in which previous artists have described the world. Regardless of the definitions that have thus far been given, perhaps the greatest similarity that exists between these two art forms has to do with the fact that they were both new and expansively modern means of representing the world; means that prior artists had not considered and that were, at that time, considered as â€Å"avant guarde†. No matter what metric is analyzed, the Great Depression was an extremely difficult time.

Sexism at Work Place Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sexism at Work Place - Essay Example Women were also not allowed to work with men. Household work and rearing children were the only jobs of females. This was all changed by the industrial revolution of in the early 20th century. Because of need for labor women had to abandon their conventional walk of life and they had to work in factories and industries to make goods. This played a great role in the emancipation of women. After that as a result of series of struggle through feminist movements in 1950s and 60s women were finally liberated. Today women are in a much better condition. But still this emancipation has not fully come and in many walks of life women still today face discrimination. Work places are especially prone to sexism against female and not much attention is given to this issue. This will be the topic of discussion in this essay and we will attempt to highlight issues women face in the work place. Discrimination against Women at Work Place Women today face many issues at the work place. They are not tr eated equally to men and pay structure is also not the same. The problem is that women are not considered to be treated equally to men. They are mostly given secretary and low level jobs, and chances to promotions are very rare. Young women are usually expected to deliver coffee and do petty jobs regardless of their job status, and they are similar to ‘dolls’ for their bosses (Bennett, Ellison, & Ball. 2010). This causes them a lot of problem. Women who suffer from prejudice at work place do not speak much about it out of embarrassment. Also most of them need the jobs so it is not possible for them to risk their jobs. They are left with no choice but to accept this attitude at the work place. If they will not comply by the ‘norms’ then their jobs will be at risk. This is why sexism prevails in the society and at work places. The pay ratio of women is also an example of how blatant sexism has taken over the work places of today. The women receive significant ly less pay than for the same services they give in offices. Females MBA holders earn $4600 less than male MBAs annually (Bennett, Ellison, & Ball. 2010). The reason for this divide in income is only negative attitude towards women. Lower pay scale of women usually discourages them from working. Women who are need of money still work at these lower rates without raising their voices. Lower pay scale for women makes no sense simply because women can work as much as men. Their productivity is similar to men. Nowadays jobs are not like older times when people had to do physical work. Women in offices have nothing to do directly with their physical strength. Rather it is the power of the mind that is important today and women are equally able as men to do their job. So this difference in pay has no rational justification. Wal-Mart is one example of an employer that is blatant in its discrimination against women. It is a practice for the company not to hire women and deny them promotions (Al Norman, 2010). The fact that, a company as big as Wal-Mart can also discriminate against women, is not understandable. But this is happening in this modern world and there is no hope of any improvement. It is because of these big companies that issue of sexism at work place is not discussed in media very often. It is important to understand the reason behind this mentality. It is the old thinking that because women are not as strong physically as men they cannot be treated equally to men. Women were first subjugated by clerics and then by statesmen. And this tradition is continuing now because the attitude of the society in general has not changed regarding women. They are still considered weak and inferior beings that

Effective Leadership Traits Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Effective Leadership Traits - Assignment Example The leaders should avoid panicking even though the situation does not work according to their expectations. Effective leaders should always work hard to assure their teams that everything is in control and that challenges always expected, but the most imperative thing is to focus on the main goal of the organization (Wart, 2012). The workers imitate their leaders; therefore, calm leaders will make workers calm and keep them working for better performance. Â  According to Wart (2012), effective leaders should be committed to performing their duties such as motivating their team and leading by example. A responsible leader sets the organizational goals and communicates them to their team. They build the capacity of the workers to pursue those goals by providing them with appropriate resources and motivating the workers to pursue organizational goals. Responsible leaders mobilize the organizational resources for the achievement of organizational goals and helping the workers to develop their careers and achieve self-fulfillment (Morse et. al., 2007). Therefore, effective leaders should have concern for both the organization and the workers by ensuring they grow together. Â  A leader is someone who has a vision of what the organization intends to achieve within a specified period both in the long-run and in short-term (Wart, 2012). There is a vacuum of knowledge between the leader and his or her team until that leader shares the vision with the team members. Effective leaders should be able to disseminate the knowledge they have to their team in a clear and concisely in order to enable them to move in the same direction.

Assessment of English Language Learners Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Assessment of English Language Learners - Essay Example This is done to improve the ability of a test to achieve the required outcomes with little or no drawbacks. Introduction Spanish speaking students in the United States have varying English language proficiency. This might limit their learning ability when undertaking educational programs administered in English. To determine the level of English proficiency on these students, English language learners assessment is crucial. The assessment is currently undertaken in schools using English language proficiency test that is a combination of both summative and formative assessments. This currently used test has both benefits and drawbacks. Hence, there is a need for review of this test to make it much better. The benefits make it unnecessary to replace the test with other tests. However, the drawbacks call for a review of the test in order to make it more effective. Review of English language proficiency test English language proficiency test currently used in most schools, including ours , is a combination of formative and summative assessments. The summative tests are undertaken at the end of an English language instruction to determine the students English proficiency developed during the learning period. Formative tests that are used to guide instructions are taken at the beginning or in the middle of instruction. In this kind of a test, an educator designs an assessment activity to detect an aspect of a student’s language proficiency that could guide him in his decisions. However, in this English language proficiency test an educator rarely involve students in the designing of the test. According to Spodek & Saracho (2006), this test is effective in promoting accountability for students’ progress as well as monitoring this progress. The formative part of this test has been effective in monitoring the progress of the students. Summative part on the other hand has been promoting the accountability for students’ learning among the educators. Mo reover, this English language proficiency test has been effective in categorizing students according to their levels of English language proficiency. However, according to Stiggins (2007), this English language proficiency test has been categorizing students into two categories, which are those on the winning streak and those on the losing streak. Those on the losing streak have become de-motivated and thus failing to succeed in education thus the requires a review in order to reverse the trend. Several reviews applicable to the test that can avoid drawbacks exist. One review is through inviting students in the creating and interpreting the results of the test. This could enable the students to monitor their learning and levels of achievements, as a result, all of them would be more motivated to learn. Another crucial review is involving students in keeping records concerned with the test. This would enable the student to know and understand his changes in performance levels. As a r esult, students would be able to monitor their improvements. The other important review is improvement in the test development. English language test could be reviewed to become purpose driven and effective in results delivery (Abedi, 2007). This could be achieved through a collaborative effort between the educators, students, and other stakeholders. Undertaking these reviews would make the test more effective, thus giving it an ability to overcome most of its drawbacks. Alternative assessment formats Five

The Imminet global crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Imminet global crisis - Essay Example The world now is on the verge of unprecedented fresh water crisis. This global issue is very alarming, because it affects every single aspect of our lives on Earth. The prime cases of the water crisis are the climate change, population growth and human waste. Climate change and in particular the global warming is the primary force triggering the water crisis. In his article Madrigal (2008) says that 60% of the changes in the West's water cycle are linked to the atmospheric greenhouse gases. He describes a research conducted which found that the increases in winter air temperature reduce the amount of snow which falls in the mountains. In return, the snow packs that acted as water storage provide less water as they melt in the spring. Furthermore, human activity can lead to the global warming too. Burning of fossil fuels are blamed for the melting of glaciers and leaving less drinkable water and less water for crop irrigation. Population growth requires more fresh water for the basic needs of food production. According to the Population Reports (1998) the increase in population "alone will push an estimated 17 more countries, with a projected population of 2.1 billion, into these water-short categories within the next 30 years (69)." By the year 2025, 35% of the projected global population which will account to 2.8 billion people will be affected by the water scarcity (1998 135).

Social Role Exit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Social Role Exit - Essay Example I accepted a job at one of the popular fast food chains and got very attached to the job. However, I started getting some cues that were not so positive. I indicated to my co-workers that it was time to exit my role as a customer service representative but they tried to convince me to stay. I had some first doubts but it so happened that the recession resulted in lay offs and redundancies and so I was basically forced to leave. I was disappointed and started to seriously look for alternatives. I had started this process already but it had become real urgent. This job was central because it financed some of my basic needs – food and clothes. My first doubts centered on relinquishing my independence. I sought some alternatives and weighed them to determine the pros and cons. I thought about how I would manage. I had taken on a different life style where each week I would have bought myself something, whether it was a piece of clothing or something of some significance. I have ha d some turning points in my life as I felt I had to do something different to catch-up with my former school-mates. My former co-workers hardly communicate with me. This created a vacuum in my life but I have gotten over it as I have managed to get some support from family members.

The Second Letter of Clement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Second Letter of Clement - Essay Example While the other texts contained many that will pertain to the subsequent tagged anti-Semitism in the faith, Clement II was undeviating in its message.1 The major tone of it was salvation and the steps necessary to obtain it. It contains teachings such as we shall regard him with importance as it may translate to diminutive degrees if we consider him small. Demeaning Jesus Christ will lead to suffering and those who worship him will be compensated and deemed worthy of his grace. He is the savior of all mankind and with his kindness we will be void of our sins.2 These early writings that have contributed so much in our understanding and teaching of the religion today are virtually unknown to many who follow the religion. They have shaped and cultivated what can be considered the biggest religion in the globe today. Professor Bart Ehrman, a prominent figure and scholar provides for many of the recent explanations associated with these writings. He pronounced that in many times these writings are treated in various ways. The epistle of Clement II for instance is in so many levels a misnomer. It was neither written by Pope Clement, which is the letter’s namesake, nor was it transcribed by the same person who was responsible for Clement I.3 The erroneously attributed manuscript was considered to be a homily by an unknown writer. This is what Professor Ehrman refers to as a product of an inspired reading of the Book of Isaiah that is found in the Old Testament. This he adds demonstrates the varied figurative elucidation to shape it in such a way that the text from were it was adapted from can be rendered in a manner that it can move the congregation though it may be drastically diverse compared to the past.4 The sermon also made use of the book of Matthew and Luke extensively. Two of the most prominent books included in the new testament of the bible. Excerpts from the book of Matthew can be found on chapter 2